#1. 更换阿里云软件源
# change to root
$ sudo -i
$ cp /etc/apt/sources.list{,.ori}

$ cat > /etc/apt/sources.list <<EOF
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
EOF

$ apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

#2. 安装常用软件
$ apt install git lrzsz tree curl wget build-essential linux-headers-4.15.0-20-generic -y

#3. 生成工作目录
$ mkdir -p /server/{tools,scripts,backup} && cd /server/tools

#下载
$ wget https://releases.hashicorp.com/vagrant/2.1.2/vagrant_2.1.2_x86_64.deb

$ wget https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/5.2.18/virtualbox-5.2_5.2.18-124319~Ubuntu~bionic_amd64.deb

#检查
$ ll
total 109060
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root     4096 8月  23 23:45 ./
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root     4096 8月  23 23:48 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 43525726 7月  31 05:04 vagrant_2.1.2_x86_64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 68127004 8月  23 23:40 virtualbox-5.2_5.2.18-124319~Ubuntu~bionic_amd64.deb

#安装
$ dpkg -i virtualbox-5.2_5.2.18-124319~Ubuntu~bionic_amd64.deb

$ dpkg -i vagrant_2.1.2_x86_64.deb

#如报错，则执行此命令修复安装
$ apt install -f -y

#加载 vboxdrv kernel 模块
$ /sbin/vboxconfig

# 检查
$ vagrant -v
Vagrant 2.1.2

# 格式
$ vagrant box add {title} {url}
$ vagrant init {title}
$ vagrant up

$ mkdir -p /server/vagrant && cd /server/vagrant

$ vagrant init
$ cat > Vagrantfile <<EOF 
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "generic/alpine37"
  config.vm.box_version = "1.8.24"
end
EOF

$ vagrant status
Current machine states:

default                   not created (virtualbox)

The environment has not yet been created. Run `vagrant up` to
create the environment. If a machine is not created, only the
default provider will be shown. So if a provider is not listed,
then the machine is not created for that environment.

#启动（如果 box 下载不下来，挂代理！或直接将 xxx.box 链接手动下载，再导入 box）
$ vagrant up

$ vagrant status

Current machine states:

default                   running (virtualbox)

The VM is running. To stop this VM, you can run `vagrant halt` to
shut it down forcefully, or you can run `vagrant suspend` to simply
suspend the virtual machine. In either case, to restart it again,
simply run `vagrant up`.

#进入虚拟机
$ vagrant ssh
localhost:~$ df -hP
Filesystem                Size      Used Available Capacity Mounted on
devtmpfs                 10.0M         0     10.0M   0% /dev
shm                    1001.4M         0   1001.4M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3                31.3G    258.2M     29.4G   1% /
tmpfs                   200.3M    140.0K    200.1M   0% /run
df: /sys/kernel/security: Permission denied
cgroup_root              10.0M         0     10.0M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                92.8M     14.0M     71.8M  16% /boot

#退出
localhost:~$ exit
logout
Connection to 127.0.0.1 closed.

#
$ vagrant init  　 # 初始化
$ vagrant up  　　 # 启动虚拟机
$ vagrant halt  　# 关闭虚拟机
$ vagrant reload  # 重启虚拟机
$ vagrant ssh  　  # SSH 至虚拟机
$ vagrant status   # 查看虚拟机运行状态
$ vagrant destroy  # 销毁当前虚拟机