ssh 登陆不能在命令行中指定密码。sshpass 的出现，解决了这一问题。
sshpass 用于非交互 SSH 的密码验证，一般用在sh脚本中，无须再次输入密码。
它允许你用 -p 参数指定明文密码，然后直接登录远程服务器，它支持密码从命令行、文件、环境变量中读取。
安装方式
其默认没有安装，需要手动安装，方法如下：
源码安装
sshpass 下载地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/sshpass/ 下载为一个 tar.gz 的压缩包。
$ tar -zxvf sshpass-1.05.tar.gz
$ cd sshpass-1.05
#指定安装目录
$ ./configure --prefix=/opt/sshpass
$ make
$ make install
$ cp /opt/sshpass/bin/sshpass /usr/bin/
yum/apt 软件包安装
# centos
$ sudo yum install sshpass -y
# ubuntu
$ sudo apt install sshpass -y
经过以上步骤，sshpass 安装完成,输入命令 sshpass 如出现如下提示即安装成功：
$ sshpass
sshpass
Usage: sshpass [-f|-d|-p|-e] [-hV] command parameters
-f filename Take password to use from file
-d number Use number as file descriptor for getting password
-p password Provide password as argument (security unwise)
-e Password is passed as env-var "SSHPASS"
With no parameters - password will be taken from stdin
-P prompt Which string should sshpass search for to detect a password prompt
-v Be verbose about what you're doing
-h Show help (this screen)
-V Print version information
At most one of -f, -d, -p or -e should be used
使用说明
# -p password 后跟密码
[root@zhu ~]# sshpass -p 123456 ssh root@192.168.56.102
Last login: Wed Apr 16 15:35:22 2014 from 192.168.56.1
[root@jiang ~]# exit
logout
Connection to 192.168.56.102 closed.
# -f filename 后跟保存密码的文件名，密码是文件内容的第一行。
[root@zhu ~]# cat 1.txt
123456
[root@zhu ~]# sshpass -f 1.txt ssh root@192.168.56.102
Last login: Fri Apr 18 13:48:20 2014 from 192.168.56.101
[root@jiang ~]# exit
logout
Connection to 192.168.56.102 closed.
# -e 将环境变量 SSHPASS 作为密码
[root@zhu ~]# export SSHPASS=123456
[root@zhu ~]# sshpass -e ssh root@192.168.56.102
Last login: Fri Apr 18 13:51:45 2014 from 192.168.56.101
[root@jiang ~]# exit
logout
Connection to 192.168.56.102 closed.
从命令行方式传递密码 -p 指定密码
[root@zhu ~] sshpass -p '123456' ssh user_name@host_ip
[root@zhu ~] sshpass -p '123456' scp root@host_ip:/home/test/t ./tmp/
如在多台主机执行命令：
[root@zhu ~]# cat a.sh
#!/bin/bash
for i in $(cat /root/1.txt)
do
echo $i
sshpass -p123456 ssh root@$i 'ls -l'
done